Designing web pages can be a fun and creative process, but it’s not always easy to know exactly what you need to do in order to create a successful layout. In this article, we’re going to take a look at some of the most common CSS properties and see how you can use them to style your website. We’ll also discuss some powerful selectors that you can use to target specific elements on your page, as well as some basic color schemes and font settings. So don’t hesitate – dive into the world of CSS!
What exactly is CSS?
CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) is a style sheet language used for describing the presentation of a document written in a markup language. It allows the author to tailor the presentation of a document to different devices and browsers without having to write multiple versions of the document.
CSS was developed in 1996 by Nicholas Czarnecki as an extension of HTML. CSS evolved from its original purpose as a way to add style to HTML documents, into a more general-purpose style sheet language.
Selectors are used to select elements in a document, typically based on their attributes. There are three main types of selectors: tag selectors, class selectors and ID selectors.
Tag selectors match tags within the document, while class and ID selectors match elements based on their specific properties. For example, you can use a tag selector to target all paragraphs in your document with the class “heading”:
p { text-align: center; } h1 { font-size: 2em; }
In this example, p is the tag selector and h1 is the class selector. The text-align property is set on both elements, so they will be centered in the outputted document. You can also use pseudo-classes such as :first or :last which will only apply when one of those elements appears at the beginning or end of the DOM tree respectively.
CSS Selectors
Selectors are a powerful tool used in CSS to target specific elements on the page. They allow you to specify which elements you want to style, and they can be very flexible. For example, you can use a selector to style all paragraphs in a document, or all headings, or just certain types of headings.
There are several different types of selectors you can use, and each has its own set of properties that make it more versatile. In this article, we’ll cover the most common selector types and show you how to use them with examples.
To start using selectors, first find the element you want to style (using the DOM). Then use the property name (or one of its variations) as your selector. For example, to style all paragraphs in a document using the class name “para”, you would use the following code:
p.para { }
Tip: You can also create pseudo-selectors by prefixing your selector with an underscore ( _ ), like this: _root_ . This will match any element inside the document’s root element (usually <body> ).
Selector Types
There are two main types of selectors: universal and type-based. Universal selectors work on any type of element, while type-based selectors work only on certain types of elements. We’ll discuss both types in detail below.
How to Create a New Color Palette?
Creating a new color palette is a great way to refresh your design and add some new life to your website or presentation. In this article, we’ll show you how to create a new color palette using CSS selectors, colors, backgrounds and fonts.
- Start by creating a new file in your text editor of choice and saving it as palettes.css. Inside the file, add the following selector:
body { background-color: #fff; }
This selector will apply the background color to all body elements on your page.
- Next, you’ll want to use some colors in your palette. Add the following color declarations to the top of palettes.css:
h1 { color: #b8c2cc; } h2 { color: #e5e5e5; } p { color: #333; }
These three colors will be used as base colors for all other colors in your palette. Be sure to set these values according to your own preferences – they’re just examples!
- To create a new hue in your palette, you’ll need to use a shade name followed by a number (for example, “powderblue”). Add the following declaration above the h1 , h2 and p declarations:
h1 { … shade-name: powderblue; }
Now any time you want to create a blue hue in your palette, you can use powderblue .
CSS Backgrounds and Borders
There are various ways to add borders and backgrounds to your web pages with CSS. Borders can be added using the border property, while background images can be used with the background-image property. You can also use the repeating-linear-gradient() and repeating-radial-gradient() functions to create gradients, or use the clip() function to restrict a gradient’s width or height.
Here are some examples of how you might use these properties to add borders and backgrounds:
To add a simple border around all elements with a width of 1em, use the border property like this: .element { border: 1px solid #ccc; }
To create a more complex border design, you could use the border-width , border-style , and border-color properties together like this: .element {border: 2px solid #aaa;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color:#666;}
You can also achieve a similar effect by adding a separate background image to each element, like this: .element {background:#fff;}
To create a gradient border, you can use the gradient property like this: .element {background-image: linear-gradient(to bottom, #333, #666);}
Finally, to create a border that is restricted to a certain width or height, you can use the clip() function like this: .element {clip: rect(0, 0, 50%, 50%);}
The Font Stack
Selectors:
When it comes to applying styles to elements in a web page, CSS provides a number of selector options. A selector is simply a word or phrase that you use to identify the particular element or elements that you want to style.
For example, the following CSS selector selects all paragraphs in a document: p {…}
The p selector can also be used to select specific types of paragraphs, such as headings and lists: h1, h2, h3, ol, ul {…}
CSS also provides another type of selector called an ID selector. An ID selector is similar to a regular selector, but it assigns an identifier (an integer) to each element in the document. You can use an ID selector to target just one instance of an element in your document: i {…}
Colors:
In addition to selecting which elements you want to style, CSS allows you to specify the color of those elements. You can use standard color names like red or blue or hexadecimal colors like #FF0000 or #00A000. Or you can use one of CSS’ many color properties, like background-color or border-color.
One common way to set the background color for all body text in a web page is using the following code: body {background-color:#FFFFFF}
Fonts:
Finally, CSS provides several ways for you to specify the font size and style for particular elements. You can use the font-size property to specify the size of a font in pixels. You can also use the font-family property to specify the name of a predefined font family. Or you can use the font-weight property to specify how bold the text should be.
